Eligibility for disability benefits is generally determined by an individual’s inability to engage in substantial gainful activity due to a medically determinable physical or mental impairment. The definition of “substantial gainful activity” refers to work activity that is both substantial (involving significant physical or mental activities) and gainful (performed for profit or pay). The specific criteria are established by the Social Security Administration (SSA) and often vary depending on the disability program being considered.
The system aims to provide financial assistance to individuals whose medical conditions prevent them from working and earning a living. Historically, disability programs were designed to support those who could no longer participate in the workforce due to illness or injury. The emphasis has consistently been on demonstrating a significant work-related limitation verified by medical documentation and functional assessments.
