One represents the Eastern Christian tradition, primarily associated with the historical Byzantine Empire and its cultural sphere of influence. The other constitutes the largest Christian church worldwide, centered in Rome and characterized by its distinct theological, liturgical, and organizational structures. These entities, though sharing common roots in early Christianity, diverged over centuries due to geographical, political, and doctrinal factors.
Understanding the historical schism that created these distinct Christian bodies is crucial for comprehending the religious landscape of Europe and the Mediterranean. Examining their different approaches to theology, governance, liturgical practices, and art provides insights into the complex evolution of Christian thought and practice. The consequences of this separation continue to shape inter-Christian relations and influence cultural identities in many parts of the world.
